AMS
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In the setting of a recent gain in altitude, the presence of headache and at least one of the following symptoms:
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- gastrointestinal (anorexia, nausea or vomiting)
- fatigue or weakness
- dizziness or light headedness
- difficulty sleeping |
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HACE
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Can be considered "end stage" or severe AMS. In the setting of a recent gain in altitude, either:
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- the presence of a change in mental status and/or ataxia in a person with AMS
- or , the presence of both mental status changes and ataxia in a person without AMS |
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HAPE
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In the setting of a recent gain in altitude, the presence of the following:
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Symptoms: at least two of: |
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- dyspnoea at rest
- cough
- weakness or decreased exercise performance
- chest tightness or congestion |
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Signs: at least two of: |
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- crackles or wheezing in at least one lung field
- central cyanosis
- tachypnea
- tachycardia |
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